The concrete slab thickness is determined based on estimated wheel and axle loadings, and soil subgrade design factors. Heavy loads in building s such as warehouses include moving load s, stationary live loads, and wall loads. With the right design, the detractors of slab foundations can be reduced or doneawaywith entirely, and the benefits can be maximized, making slabongrade a fantastic choice for home building in ottawa. This is especially true for superflat industrial floors and areas. Mud, loose dirt, rocks, debris, snow and ice are removed from footings. Theoretical concepts, practi cal applications, basis of. Good construction practice demands elevating the slab above grade by no less than 8 inches to isolate the wood framing from rain splash, soil dampness, and termites, and to keep the subslab drainage layer above the surrounding ground. Joint planning primer, concrete construction, august 1997.
The construction and design of concrete slabs on grade d. A monolithic or thickenededge slab is a groundsupported slab on grade with an integral footing i. Concrete slabsongrade subject to concentrated loads. Reinforcement is adequately supported minimum 3 clearance to earth on all sides. It may be desirable to achieve bond and continue reinforcement through a construction joint. Slabongrade floors provide an inexpensive and versatile foundation slabongrade floors are often the least expensive foundation system and can expedite the construction process. Reported by committee 302 american concrete institute. A foundation in residential construction may consist of a footing, wall, slab, pier, pile, or a combination of these elements. Remove of all existing vegetation of new ongrade concrete slab construction area. Id agree with malcolms interpretation of joshuas design as structurally having more in common with pier construction rather than a slab on grade, but it eliminates some of the major issues with pier constructionproviding an 18 clear space, air sealing, providing for mechanicals, etc. Slabs which are directly laid on the earth to support walls and other structural elements are called as slab on grade or grade slabs. Slabongrade construction technical guide deciding to build your home with a slabongrade foundation instead of a conventional basement or raised crawlspace foundation can greatly reduce your environmental impact during construction, and has the potential to offer significant financial savings as well by replacing concrete with lowerimpact and better performing building materials like. The slab perimeter must be sized andor reinforced to carry all design loads.
Reinforcing schedules for a mixing and loading pad floor slab on grade with one layer of reinforcing are shown in tables 5. A wide variety of techniques can be employed to insulate slabongrade foundations figures 44 and 45. This page is about how to build a thickened edge concrete slab on grade fpsf footing on soil with a high water table to prevent frost heave, by first installing drainage below the slab. A polyethylene sheet is placed over the slab prior to placing the pavement or approach slab. Although coldformed steel framing for floor systems also is permitted by the irc, it is not covered here. Sound design of a slab on grade begins with determining. Both slab on grade and structural slabs can be created using this formwork. Theoretical concepts, practical applications, basis of design, and design procedures for heavy. Construction joints are used in slabsongrade to allow slab movement at transitional load bearing points from one concrete slab to the next. Concrete and masonry construction lesson 1 requirements of part 1203. The major structural components of a slabongrade foundation are the floor slab itself and either grade beams or foundation walls with footings at the perimeter of the slab see figures 42 and 43. Slab on grade a type of foundation with a concrete floor which is placed directly on the soil. Figures 412 through 414 show variations where the slab is the primary location for insulation.
Figures 49 through 411, and 415 show configurations with insulation on the exterior surface of the foundation. Determining slab thickness starts with the purpose of the slab, its use and its loads, in addition to applicable standards. Over the past two decades the idea of pouring concrete over cupolex permanent void forms has become an increasingly popular slab foundation method. Suprenant, sawcutting joints in concrete, concrete construction, january 1995. Pdf in the recent trends emerging day by day in the construction industry, composite construction method has gained its popularity for its. The design procedure set forth in that publication had at that time been in use by the author for about 15 years. Strip footings for both basementgarage slabs installed below grade and stem wall configurations, grade beams supporting below grade for either slab or stem wall interface, and haunched or thickened edge slab on grade construction. The concrete slab that is directly supported by the grade, meaning the bottom of the structure which is normally earth. Grade may be proposed due to regional preference may be required due to soil characteristics exterior footing requirements.
That was no issue until now because it always an unheated garage. The edge of the slab is usually thicker and acts as the footing for the walls. Slab insulation do i understand the code requirements. Tm 580912 concrete floor slabs on grade subjected to. From the below fig, it is clear that the wall stands on a footing and the grade slab is resting on a layer of gravel and moisture barrier. Learn more about construction procedure with video explanation. The minimumslab thickness must be 3 12 inches and reinforcing is recommended. After this publication, it was subsequently adopted by the uniform building.
Aggregate subbase prepared for reinforced slab on grade. The construction and design of concrete slabs on grade. Jan 06, 2014 slab on grade foundation, detail design. The booklet is solely intended for the purposes of slabongrade, frostprotected, shallow foundations subject to the limitations set out. Market for posttensioning tendons over 40% of all pt tendons sold in the usa are for residential foundations. There are two different types supported slab on grade and monolithic slab on grade.
Remove of all existing vegetation of new on grade concrete slab construction area. There are many different soil conditions and corresponding slab designs. Slab on grade construction is when a concrete floor slab is poured at grade level to provide a foundation for a home. Concrete slab supported di rectly on foundation soil. Soil classification system and that typical slab on grade construction may involve a base course and a subbase course beneath the slab depending on the supporting value of the subgrade materials.
Properties of the surface are determined by the mixture proportions and the quality of the concreting and jointing operations. These slabs may be supported on continuous foundations, piers or piles and grade beams, or grade beams directly on isolated footings, for example. Asce, secb course content slab on grades construction. Slab on grade or grade slab types construction procedure. The ends of the pavement and the approach slab are placed on a sleeper slab that has been previously poured.
Aci manual of concrete practice, 2006, part 5, guide for concrete floor and slab. Jan 06, 2014 slab on grade construction technical guide deciding to build your home with a slab on grade foundation instead of a conventional basement or raised crawlspace foundation can greatly reduce your environmental impact during construction, and has the potential to offer significant financial savings as well. A slab on grade does not have any voids below it and can be as thin as 4 inches. Lengthy concrete slab delays due to poor weather, timeconsuming forming and curing, trade scheduling problems, extra inspections, or hauling and compacting of fill dirt can be avoided with raised wood floor foundations. A floating slab may be used for the foundation support of detached garages on all soils except peat and muck. In this section several typical slabongrade sections are illustrated and described. A slab on grade with an independent stem wall is a concrete floor supported by the soil. This includes preparing the grade, establishing control mechanisms the stringline, and placing dowel baskets. Slabongrade construction is when a concrete floor slab is poured at grade level to provide a foundation for a home.
Pdf a nonlinear finite element analysis was carried out to conduct a parametric study on the response of slabs on grade to industrial trucks with. This sheet is a bond breaker, allowing the pavement and approach slab to move freely over the sleeper slab as they expand and contract. Concrete floor slab construction process includes erection of formwork, placement of reinforcement, pouring, compacting and finishing concrete and lastly removal of formwork and curing of concrete slab. The minimum slab thickness must be 3 12 inches and reinforcing is recommended.
Improve comfort and save energy in homes with slabon. Posttensioning is very popular for slabongrade construction in some areas of the country. Search for glossary terms regular expression allowed begin with contains exact term. The booklet is solely intended for the purposes of slab on grade, frostprotected, shallow foundations subject to the limitations set out. Improve comfort and save energy in homes with slabongrade. Download dictionary of construction terminology as pdf slab on grade. Slab on grade definition what does slab on grade mean in. Living in zone 5a and using the table martin gave me in another thread i conclude i need.
Examples of open foundations are pile, pier, and column foundations. The quality of a concrete floor or slab is highly dependent on achieving a hard and durable surface that is flat, relatively free of cracks, and at the proper grade and elevation. Traditional construction joints are considered worldwide as the achilles heel of concrete slab placement roads, airports, industrial and commercial floors. Get in touch with us to find out more about how windmill construction and the benefits of slab on grade. The sleeper slab is finished smooth and allowed to cure. Construction maintenance of post tensioned slab on ground. For more information on anchorage of braced walls to slab on grade construction, see chapter 3 of this guide. Concrete slabs supported by ground are frequently used in industrial construction to sustain. Preparing the grade, or roadbed the majority of concrete pavement failures are not caused. Slabs on grade, aci concrete craftsman series ccs1, american concrete institute, farmington hills, ml. Soil classification system and that typical slabongrade construction may involve a base course and a subbase course beneath the slab depending on the supporting value of the subgrade materials.
The location of construction joints should be planned. One hundred twenty major categories of fully editable and scalable. Figure 42 slab on grade and perimeter footing transfer loads into soil. The minimum concrete strength is 3500poundspersquareinch for floating slab. Floor slabs can range from a simple residential basement slab to a heavyduty industrial floor. The slab on grade can be installed on the virgin ground, a layer of stone or porous material, etc. Homebuyers appreciate features of a raised foundation a front porch, screened back. Supported grade slab or slab on grade foundation is chosen when the traditional footings are already framed on site to raise the columns. An open foundation allows water to pass through the foundation of an elevated building, reducing the lateral flood loads the foundation must resist.
Concrete slab resting o n grade containing minimal distributed st eel, usually of weld ed wire fabric wwf, for the purpose of limiti ng crack width due to shrinkage and temperature change. The design and the construction of the foundation is solely the responsibility of the buildercontractor. Heavy loads in buildings such as warehouses include moving loads, stationary live loads, and wall loads. Concrete slab types construction, cost, and applications. This course will addresses the following foundation types. Dictionary of construction terminology slab on grade. Guide for concrete floor and slab construction aci 302.
The foundation consists of a concrete slab poured over at least 4 inches of gravel and a layer of 10mil polyethylene. All reinforcing steel is tied in place, including slab dowels. The attached excerpted resource materials have been made. Guide for concrete floor and slab construction, aci 302. Because the construction of concrete floors on the ground necessarily. In turn, the concrete slab and foundation transfer those forces directly to the ground as shown in figure 42. The scope is not intended to encompass any other aspects of the house construction. Slab on grade floors provide an inexpensive and versatile foundation slab on grade floors are often the least expensive foundation system and can expedite the construction process. Tm 580912 concrete floor slabs on grade subjected to heavy. Inplace density of the subgrade, subbase and base should be at least the minimum required by specification, or not less than 90% proctor. Introduction concrete slabs on grade are a very common type of concrete construction. Foundation sample drawings autocad, construction details.
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